👉 Vacancies engineering is a technique used in materials science to control the concentration and distribution of vacancies—missing atoms or defects—in a material's crystal lattice. By introducing or manipulating these vacancies, researchers can tailor the electronic, optical, and mechanical properties of materials for specific applications. This is typically achieved through methods such as ion implantation, thermal annealing, or chemical doping, which introduce vacancies or create defects that can enhance properties like conductivity, catalytic activity, or thermal stability. Vacancies engineering is particularly valuable in semiconductors, batteries, and catalysts, where fine-tuning material properties at the atomic level can significantly improve performance.
